La polysémie du terme «فتنة » /fitnah/ dans le Noble Coran et la problématique de sa traduction en français Étude appliquée sur trois traductions (Jacques Berque, Zeinab Abdel Aziz et celle du Complexe du roi Fahd)

Abstract: This research deals with one of the linguistic issues that affects the translation of the meanings of the Holy Qur’an into foreign languages, especially the French language, which are words with multiple meanings whose meanings differ according to the context in which they appear. Among these words is trial, which are mentioned in the Holy Qur’an with meanings that differ radically from each other, from test to torment to repulsion to disbelief and so on.  We chose three translations of the meanings of the Qur’an to examine how we deal with this term in its different contexts, and we found it strange that they often fall into great confusion. The translator chooses a French equivalent for the Quranic word when translating it for the first time, and often neglects to refer to the interpretation to find out the contextual meaning of the word, contenting himself with the lexical meaning. After that, he steadily confirms this meaning whenever it appears in the Holy Qur’an, regardless of the difference in context, which indicates the neglect of referring to interpretations, especially those that give great importance to the linguistic dimension, such as Al-Kashshaf by Al-Zamakhshari, Al-Tahrir wa Al-Tanwir by Ibn Ashour, and others. We have concluded that in order for the translator to be able to provide the appropriate equivalent for a word with multiple meanings, he must first refer to Arabic language dictionaries to find out the meanings of this word, then refer to the interpretation to find out the contextual meaning of this word in this place, otherwise his translation will be marred by incompleteness and will not deliver the desired message.